World Bank on the investment climate in nine African countries in which it was found that 29% of business operators in Africa and 36% in Nigeria perceived insecurity as a major constraint on investment. Civilians in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad and Niger continue to be affected by grave violations of human rights, widespread sexual and gender-based violence, forced recruitment and suicide bombings. A State of Emergency, according to state law, can be declared during a situation or imminent threat of widespread or severe damage, injury or loss of life or property, resulting from a natural or man-made cause. Social media anxiety disorder is related to social anxiety, a mental illness which happens when social media affects the mental and physical health of a person, causing one to feel inadequate, jealous, incompetent and unsatisfied. In Nigeria, the challenge is not so much about the insecurity of external sources, but rather that of internal sources. Our law enforcement agencies must therefore be incorruptible and fair. _En ] ppt/_rels/presentation.xml.rels ( N0&)ef`6d&FpDhImF'..| ahJWRMBHeV"&/ "4&W'tY:UIiL{KNKhKpc-Ox4 Marketing It is not only that a business enterprise must get raw materials for production, but it also must dispose of off their output. Lack of institutional capacity resulting in government failure described as the corrosion or breakdown of institutional infrastructures. Recommended: How to buy land in Nigeria: Important documents you will need. Boko Haram kidnapped roughly 276 Chibok schoolgirls on the night of the 14th and 15th of April in 2014. The Nigeria insecurity situation can, and in many cases, actually halted business operations during the periods of violence and also caused the outright closure of many enterprises especially in the areas or zones where incidences of insecurity are rife and are on a daily occurrence, in a bid to protect lives of operators and business property. Some areas have increased risk. In addition to the usual crimes, the coordinated attacks from the Boko Haram sect in the northern part of the country, besides making life miserable for Nigerians, have affected so many businesses operating in that region. This is manifested by the incapacity of the government to deliver public services and to provide basic needs for the masses. Insecurity everywhere is a risk factor that business owners and managers dread and wish to avoid by relocating their businesses elsewhere. Federalism produces a stronger and stable nation: Another advantage of federalism is the fact that it produces a stronger and stable government in power. In many countries, the executive arm of the government declares a state of emergency. Terrorism At the most proximate and least disputable level, terrorism is the most fundamental source of insecurity in Nigeria today, and its primary bases and sources of support have generally been located in religious fanaticism and intolerance. In the case of Nigeria, there is also evidence of some businessmen and manufacturing companies having to relocate particularly from the North in recent time, to other peaceful parts of the country. When the Governor duly proclaims the existence of conditions of disaster or of extreme peril to the safety of persons and property within the state caused by fire, flood, storm, epidemic, technological failure or accident, riot, drought, sudden and severe energy shortage, plant or animal infestation or disease, earthquake, explosion, terrorism, Emergency maintenance is something that if failed equipment is not repaired immediately after failure, then it might cause greater damage, affects health, and results in production loss. This does not even take into account the country's . Frequent and persistent ethnic conflicts and religious clashes between the two dominant religions (Islam and Christianity), present the country with a major security challenge. The foundations of the institutional framework in Nigeria are very shaky and have provoked deterioration of state governance and democratic accountability, thus, paralyzing the existing set of constraints including the formal and legitimate rules nested in the hierarchy of social order. x|J%H7rN`%_rGb@X\v0/t)'.C; th7_w'unVvjJ~ix 53qQmbI+>ocuj6XXj5Lkf`uAvlALk0/!8N>:F'8NpStl!~W,~_7,NgOfO{iT-jkxt-!(mCVx`o! VfpVA/7ev0=_0M)Lc There. The implication is manpower shortage for the business which ultimately affects the success and survival of the business. This exerts pressure on the business for manpower at any cost. These vague and two-line solutions proffered to the mountain of problems are insufficient to shed light on the way forward, they {solutions} seem better said than done! In the year preceding up the 2007 elections, a Foreign Affairs study found about 700 election-related violent actions, including two killings. One can say that emergency is a dangerous situation that requires immediate and quick action. This might result in delays in production, decrease in product quality, increase labor costs, etc. The gross domestic product (GDP) is one of the most important indices of a countrys economic health. The problem of Internal Land Conflicts: Land ownership disputes have frequently caused conflicts among Nigerians. The following are some advantages of statelessness: As the server does not need to manage any session, deploying the services to any number of servers is possible, and so scalability will never be a problem; No states equals less complexity; no session (state) synchronize logic to handle at the . In Nigeria, election tampering is not uncommon. Also see: Why is Nigeria so corrupt? The proclamation must be ratified by the National Assembly made up of the Senate and House of Representatives. Even though on face value, this will seem to be a positive development, I have reason to be cautious and fearful of another political disaster in the SW. 2. In 2011 alone, Nigeria's fuel subsidy cost the country an estimated $8 billion and the price tag for 2012 was expected to be even greater. 500,000 job hopefuls were in a rush to apply for roughly 5,000 openings in Nigerias immigration agency in 2014, and 16 people were murdered in a melee. Threats likely to cause a declaration of the state of emergency include armed action against the state (such as a coup d'etat), financial crisis, epidemics, natural disasters, or external attacks. The menace of insecurity no doubt calls for a new approach that will be founded on credible intelligence gathering. In addition, the Government at all levels should not compromise in enforcing the law. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide2.xml.rels They were too absorbed with reading textbooks to see how what they had learned might be applied. SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA AND THE BUILDING SUSTAINABLE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT. 8. This is the case in Nigeria quite often. Weak Security System This results from inadequate equipment for the security arm of government, both in weaponry and training. Nigerias environmental and health standards are deplorable. Nigeria ratified the Siracusa Principles. This digital currency will promote financial inclusion, meaning those who are unbanked can get easier and safer access to money on their mobile phones. Attending school provides you with extra information, allowing you to become an educated tailor, baker, or shoemaker, for example. EiEWG is a coordination forum functioning within the principles and . Every kid has the right to an education in a safe and healthy setting. (Section 305 (1) of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended), Cap C23 . All these variables of crimes and social maladies have made the Nigerian security environment to be complex. In the constitutional history of Nigeria, declarations of a state of emergency have always been premised on public order, safety and security concerns. Workers incomes are no longer sufficient to purchase physical goods from marketplaces. 019-V#2z`TFi*kgv1#TQ\R{GqZ~'tX"_3`Nei@'v\r(%G%rP]v="C?%0(f_p kbUG9(fTL1&_*"ry3g^CB?' PK ! Institutions remain weak with insufficiently protected property, rights, high corruption, and undue influence. The formulation and effective implementation of policies and programs capable of addressing the root causes of insecurity in Nigeria is crucial, especially with regard to poverty; unemployment, environmental degradation, injustice, corruption, porous borders, and small arms proliferation. An earlier version of this article appeared in The Guardian newspaper of March 2, 2004 under the title "The State of Emergency Conjecture". It was the first time the inflation rate has risen since it began to fall in January 2017, when it hit a 12-year high of 18.7%. National security cannot be invoked as a reason for imposing limitations to prevent merely local or relatively isolated threats to law and order. Besides, it is to provide a holistic view of the suggestion or recommendations of solutions. Many educational institutions are now founded and administered on political grounds in many states; entrance to universities, colleges, and polytechnics, particularly universities, is sometimes influenced by politicians rather than academic merit. But the countrys federal system is deeply flawed with power and resources inordinately in control of the central government. The countrys purchasing and selling situation are dire and depressing. , 8 [Content_Types].xml ( n0'"Nn"RCpmXy$ in the light of Emergency Preparedness, Response and Disaster Management in Nigeria. A State of Emergency helps: 1. Emergency maintenance does not increase lifetime of equipment. Terrorism: Terrorism is a major concern in Nigeria daily. Non-governing citizens are also judged guilty, even though they are supposed to be free of corruption. Border settlement inside the country is still a work in progress. As no planning is involved, number of team members require to resolve issues will be less. The argument for this is that such leaders will help to mold the contending ethnic and religious groups into harmony and help to remove the perceived mutual distrust among them. This is because corruption affects practically all Nigerians on a daily basis, not only crooked politicians. The daily massacres, kidnappings, bombings, and rape carried out by Boko Haram throughout the country are quite concerning. This results in a rather abrupt stop which could shake up the cabin or give your passengers a bit of a fright. Generally, if there is no peace and security, it is extremely difficult for businesses to survive. Consequently, Aluta posited more sustainable development initiatives regarding insecurity are needed in Nigeria and this is imperative, since security is central to development, and the national transformation agenda of the current administration may not be achieved if there is no solution to the menace of insecurity ravaging the country. All 36 of Nigeria's governors resolved to declare a state of emergency . Many of these assailants are disgruntled and jobless teenagers. They were too preoccupied with reading textbooks to understand how to apply what they had learned. h. Finding a remedy to corruption has proven to be a dead end throughout the years. Many others have also linked security to the governance system. Abrupt braking. It can also lead to temporary suspension of the democratic order and pave the way for the ascendancy of anti-democratic forces. It must also be done on the basis of an objective assessment of the situation. In response to the forced closure of schools, the Oyo state government launched an "education-in-emergency" intervention called "School on Air" to serve as an alternative way of learning . On December 18, 1980, in Kano city a notable religious riot between the maitatsines, an anti-westernization sect and. Nigeria must continue to upgrade its infrastructure as well as improve its health and primary education. Many lives have been sacrificed as a result of land ownership disputes, and many more are likely to be lost until these concerns are resolved once and for all. We must all take a stance to expose corruption and tell the truth about issues that affect our environment. Disadvantages of declaring a state of emergency If the President had declared a state of emergency in South Africa, there would have been a limitation on the citizens' rights. The countrys annual profits have decreased, significantly impacting the countrys population. Political leaders have a history of engaging in corrupt practices. In the latest violence, 53 people were killed and 13. A paper presented by Director Panning Research and Forecasting, NEMA, to participants of the National War College Course 13, at the . 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Copyright 20102023, The Conversation Media Group Ltd, Committee Member - MNF Research Advisory Committee, PhD Scholarship - Uncle Isaac Brown Indigenous Scholarship, Associate Lecturer, Creative Writing and Literature. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide8.xml.rels Reconsider travel to Nigeria due to crime, terrorism, civil unrest, kidnapping, and maritime crime. ppt/slides/_rels/slide13.xml.rels The latest disgusting incident was the abduction and killing of an American-based Nigerian, Prince Eloniyo Abuda, who was found dead five days after he was abducted by suspected Fulani herdsmen. Nigeria reported the country's . Cases of corruption are not meant to be compromised at all, let alone adjourning them endlessly. Besides, the Migration of people from the areas to other parts of the country or outside as a result of insecurity will affect the customer base of businesses operating in the environment where the insecurity exists. This might result in delays in production, decrease in product quality, increase labor costs, etc. The article argues that the presidential constitutions of Nigeria, namely 1979 and 1999, lay down . Serial Number: Name Of States:Their Capitals: 1 Abia State - Umuahia. New values have taken over their place over the years, with the so-called modernity and civilization. This is crucial because if businesses fold up and investors are no longer forthcoming, then the future is bleak. Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2013, Abuja, Nigeria, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: NPC and ICF International. 4. 5 Bauchi State - Bauchi. The combined emergency management authorities, policies, procedures, and resources of local, State, and Federal Governments as well as voluntary disaster relief organizations, the private sector, and international sources constitute a national disaster response framework for providing assistance, following a major disaster or emergency. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide3.xml.rels 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! According to a source, the females were between the ages of 17 and 18. The governors of Nigeria's 36 states have resolved to declare a state of emergency on rape following a spate of sexual violence against women, according to the Nigerian Governor's Forum (NGF). What are the development issues in Nigeria? Therefore, efforts to tackle insecurity can only be effective if there is a robust combination of legislative and judicial interventions with government reforms that address some of the acute human security challenges confronting a vast majority of the population. Similarly, in software engineering, there are certain situations that require immediate actions. The ethnoreligious conflict was defined as a situation in which the relationship between members of one ethnic or religious group and another of such group in a multi-ethnic and multi-religious society is characterized by lack of cordiality, mutual suspicion, and fear, and a tendency towards violent confrontation. New Jersey, and Connecticut and the 2005 hurricanes that ripped through the Southern states, exposed the vulnerabilities within our cities and in many private industries, including those covering the industrial, transportation and healthcare markets. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Every year, 200,000 students graduate from college, but many struggles to find jobs and turn to less-than-honorable means of sustenance. ppt/slides/_rels/slide14.xml.rels Rural/Urban Drift The migration of jobless youths from rural areas to urban centers is also one of the causes of insecurity in Nigeria. 2. Recommended: Best Programming Languages for Artificial Intelligence. It could also result in the loss of capital through the burning of business buildings and properties. Below are 10 causes of insurgencies in Nigeria. k Q _rels/.rels ( J1mizY`Hfn2$ooDjc&0OScj0\c-;0Y)xb`Gk)WQ8.SBzM]bf4{o!
(| ;v!xI*hFgV.&>8'-?6"8W[ PK ! Out of frustration, these youths are drawn into crime. Naturally, when it comes to ethnicity, Nigerians are extremely sensitive, with tempers frequently flaring and occasionally resorting to violence. This is so because the association of different component units will make the . 3.2. emergency management in nigeria: history and current situation 52 3.3. emergency response organisations in nigeria 53 3.4. correlation between emergency management stakeholders in nigeria 59 3.5. government and law-making structure for disaster management in nigeria 61 3.5.1. the national disaster management framework (ndmf) in nigeria 63 3.6. In the first quarter of 2016, it fell by -13.98 percent. This perception stems from the perception of marginalization by a section of the people, government development policies, and political offices and this has become a primary source of disaffection and resentment. This is in addition to the poor attitudinal and behavioral disposition of security personnel. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! So, it is a strong disincentive to business investment as it scares away potential investors. They claim that, despite being the golden egg-laying chicken, their territory is severely undeveloped. Abstract. Lastly, state insurance departments assist in making insurance available to consumers. Good governance good governance is the panacea for the insecurity challenge in Nigeria. The government officials tasked with combating corruption are unconcerned about what is expected of them. An inter-agency assessment mission fielded in Nigeria in May 2014 showed that between 2013 and 2014, in six states affected by the crisis (Adamawa, Borno, Bauchi, Gombe, Taraba and Yobe) the number of IDPs had . Between 2001 and 2006, just $50 million of the $240 million needed for road repairs was paid. Small Arms and Light Weapons proliferation and the availability of these weapons have enabled militant groups and criminal groups to have easy access to arms. In addition, some firms have shifted their operations to other countries like Ghana which is deemed to be more peaceful. The civil war can easily be traced back . There are over 3 million people internally displaced in Nigeria, forced to flee in their homes in the North-East by insurgency and conflict. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide6.xml.rels SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR BUSINESS ACTIVITIES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. d. Resource management should be prioritized so that groups like MEND can no longer exist in our country. Malpractices and a lack of preparation Test malpractices have been identified by education experts, with poor examination preparation by pupils being another setback in the educational system. The federal government can use the power at its disposal to encroach on the powers vested in the states by the Nigerian constitution. The Nigeria-South Africa Chamber of commerce webinar for January 2021 was held on 28th January 2021. k; 7 ! The Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta is a good example (MEND). Insecurity limits market availability. Recommended: Problems of the Nigerian educational system. Graduates are usually required to live with their parents for lengthy periods, which can lead to discontent and pessimism. The organization has kidnapped children and murdered Christians across the country. And even when these exist, some personnel get influenced by ethnic, religious, or communal sentiment and are easily swallowed by their personal interest to serve their people, rather than the nation. There are also circumstances when employees of a business enterprise become victims of the attack and the firm losses its experienced staff through death or injury. 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